The Free SA Law Library

Every major South African Act โ€” what it actually does, in plain English, with a free link to the full, always-current text. No paywall, no registration. Curated and summarised by ContractKit SA.

How to use this library: each entry explains an Act in everyday language and links to the full official consolidated text, maintained and kept current by the open-law project at lawlibrary.org.za. Summaries are general information, not legal advice; rand amounts mentioned are as at 2026 and are adjusted from time to time. Where an Act touches your paperwork, the "Related templates" links take you to our matching documents.

Business & Companies

Arbitration Act 42 of 1965

This Act governs private arbitration, where parties agree to have a dispute decided by an arbitrator instead of a court. It makes arbitration clauses in contracts binding and lets an arbitrator's award be enforced like a court order. It matters when your contract has an arbitration clause, or you want disputes resolved faster and more privately than litigation.

Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act 53 of 2003

This Act creates the B-BBEE scorecard system that measures black ownership, management, skills development and procurement in businesses. A good B-BBEE level helps you win government tenders and corporate contracts, while misrepresenting your status ('fronting') is a criminal offence. It matters when you tender for work, need a B-BBEE certificate or affidavit, or structure ownership of your business.

Businesses Act 71 of 1991

This Act controls which businesses need a licence from their local municipality, such as food outlets, health spas and entertainment venues. It also lets municipalities regulate street trading. It matters when you open a restaurant, takeaway, or any business that sells food or offers certain services to the public.

Close Corporations Act 69 of 1984

This Act governs close corporations (CCs), the simple small-business vehicle used before 2011. No new CCs can be registered, but thousands still trade, and this Act sets out how their members share profits, make decisions and take on personal liability. It matters if you own, buy into, or contract with an existing CC.

Companies Act 71 of 2008

This Act is the rulebook for every company in South Africa, from a one-person Pty Ltd to a listed giant. It governs how you register a company, the duties of directors, shareholders' rights, meetings, financial statements and business rescue. It matters to you whenever you start a company, sign as a director, buy shares, or do business with a company in financial trouble.

Competition Act 89 of 1998

This Act outlaws price-fixing, collusive tendering, market division and abuse of dominance, and requires large mergers to be approved by the competition authorities. Cartel conduct can lead to massive fines and even criminal liability for directors. It matters when you agree prices with competitors (don't), impose exclusive deals on suppliers, or buy or sell a sizeable business.

Conventional Penalties Act 15 of 1962

This Act makes penalty clauses in contracts enforceable, so you can agree upfront what someone pays if they break the deal. But a court can reduce a penalty that is out of proportion to the actual harm suffered. It matters when you draft or sign a contract with cancellation fees, late-payment penalties or forfeiture clauses.

Copyright Act 98 of 1978

This Act automatically protects original works like writing, music, photos, films and computer programs; no registration is needed. It gives the creator the exclusive right to copy, publish and adapt the work, generally for their lifetime plus 50 years. It matters when you create content, hire freelancers (who usually keep copyright unless the contract says otherwise), or want to use someone else's work.

General Law Amendment Act 50 of 1956

This Act contains a handful of important everyday rules, most famously section 6: a contract of suretyship is only valid if it is in writing and signed by the surety. It matters whenever you stand surety for someone else's debt, such as a director signing personal security for a business loan or a parent backing a child's lease.

Insolvency Act 24 of 1936

This Act governs what happens when a person or trust cannot pay their debts and their estate is sequestrated. It sets out how a trustee takes over the assets, which creditors get paid first, and which past transactions can be reversed. It matters if you are drowning in debt, owed money by someone going insolvent, or trading with a business on the brink.

Nonprofit Organisations Act 71 of 1997

This Act lets charities, community groups and other nonprofits register as NPOs with the Department of Social Development. Registration gives credibility, is often required for funding and government grants, and comes with annual reporting duties. It matters when you start or run a charity, community organisation, church or sports club.

Patents Act 57 of 1978

This Act protects new inventions through patents registered at the patent office, giving the inventor a 20-year monopoly to make and sell the invention. Disclosing your invention publicly before filing can destroy your rights. It matters when you invent a product or process, or want to check you are not infringing someone else's patent.

Trade Marks Act 194 of 1993

This Act lets you register your brand name, logo or slogan as a trade mark with the CIPC, giving you the exclusive right to use it for your goods or services. Registration lasts ten years and can be renewed forever. It matters when you build a brand, or when a competitor starts trading under a confusingly similar name.

Trust Property Control Act 57 of 1988

This Act regulates trusts and the trustees who run them. Trustees must be authorised by the Master of the High Court before acting, must keep trust property separate from their own, and must act with care and good faith. It matters when you set up a family or business trust, act as a trustee, or are a trust beneficiary.

Consumer & Credit

Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008

This Act gives consumers powerful rights when buying goods or services: a 6-month warranty on defective goods, the right to cancel fixed-term contracts, protection against unfair contract terms, and cooling-off rights for direct marketing. It matters to you every time you buy something as a consumer, and to every business selling to the public, whose contracts, returns policies and marketing must comply.

National Credit Act 34 of 2005

This Act regulates all credit: loans, credit cards, store accounts, vehicle finance and interest-bearing payment terms. Lenders must check you can afford the credit (reckless lending is prohibited), interest and fees are capped, and over-indebted consumers can apply for debt review. It matters when you borrow, lend money with interest as a business, or charge interest on overdue accounts.

Prescription Act 68 of 1969

This Act sets time limits after which debts and claims expire ('prescribe'): most debts die after 3 years, mortgage bonds and judgment debts after 30 years. Once a debt has prescribed you no longer have to pay it, but acknowledging it or making a payment can revive the clock. It matters when a collector chases an old debt, or when you wait too long to sue someone.

Sale and Service Matters Act 25 of 1964

This older Act lets the government regulate how certain goods are sold and services rendered, including deposits on returnable containers and trade descriptions. Much of its work is now done by the Consumer Protection Act, but it remains on the books. It matters mainly to retailers dealing with regulated sales practices.

Employment & Labour

Basic Conditions of Employment Act 75 of 1997

This Act sets the minimum floor for every job: maximum 45-hour work week, overtime pay, annual leave (21 consecutive days), sick leave, maternity and parental leave, notice periods and severance pay. Employers must give employees written particulars of employment. It matters every time you hire someone, sign an employment contract, or wonder what leave and pay you are legally owed.

Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act 130 of 1993

This Act (COIDA) creates a state compensation fund that pays employees injured at work or who contract occupational diseases, in exchange for which employees generally cannot sue their employer. Employers must register with the Compensation Fund and pay annual assessments. It matters when someone is hurt on the job, and to every employer who must register and keep a letter of good standing.

Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998

This Act bans unfair discrimination in the workplace on grounds like race, sex, pregnancy, religion and disability, and requires equal pay for equal work. Larger 'designated' employers must also implement affirmative action plans and report annually. It matters in every hiring, promotion and pay decision, and whenever an employee alleges discrimination or harassment.

Employment Services Act 4 of 2014

This Act regulates public and private employment agencies and creates free public employment services to match work-seekers with jobs. Private employment agencies must be registered and may not charge work-seekers fees. It also governs the employment of foreign nationals. It matters when you use a recruitment agency, run one, or hire foreign workers.

Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995

This Act governs the relationship between employers, employees and unions: unfair dismissal, retrenchment, strikes, and bargaining. Dismissals must be both fair in reason and fair in process, and disputes go to the CCMA before court. It matters when you discipline or dismiss an employee, get fired, face retrenchment, or deal with a union.

National Minimum Wage Act 9 of 2018

This Act guarantees every worker a national minimum wage per hour, adjusted annually, including domestic and farm workers. Paying less is unlawful even if the worker agrees, and the minimum wage cannot be waived in a contract. It matters when you employ anyone, from a domestic worker to shop staff, and when you check whether your own pay is legal.

Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993

This Act obliges employers to provide a working environment that is safe and without risk to health, including risk assessments, safety equipment, appointed safety representatives and incident reporting. It also protects non-employees, like visitors and customers, from workplace hazards. It matters to every business with premises or staff, and especially in construction, factories and workshops.

Skills Development Act 97 of 1998

This Act creates the SETA system and learnerships to grow workplace skills, funded by the skills development levy that employers with a payroll over the threshold must pay. Paying the levy and submitting training plans lets employers claim grants back and earn B-BBEE points. It matters when you employ staff, take on learnerships or apprentices, or claim training grants.

Unemployment Insurance Act 63 of 2001

This Act runs the UIF, which pays benefits to workers who lose their jobs, go on maternity leave, or fall ill, and to dependants of workers who die. Employers and employees each contribute 1% of wages, and employers must register all staff, including domestic workers. It matters when you hire anyone, get retrenched, or take maternity leave.

Property & Housing

Alienation of Land Act 68 of 1981

This Act requires every sale of land or buildings to be in writing and signed by both parties, otherwise it is void; a verbal property sale is worthless. It also regulates instalment sales of land and gives buyers of residential property under such contracts special protections. It matters whenever you buy or sell a house, plot or farm.

Community Schemes Ombud Service Act 9 of 2011

This Act created the CSOS, an ombud that resolves disputes in community schemes, including sectional title complexes and homeowners' associations, cheaply and without lawyers. All schemes must register with CSOS and pay a small levy. It matters when you are in a dispute with your body corporate or HOA about levies, rules, meetings or governance.

Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937

This Act runs the deeds registry system in which all land ownership, mortgage bonds and servitudes are recorded. Property only changes hands when the deed is registered at the Deeds Office by a conveyancer. It matters in every property transfer and bond registration, and when you need proof of who owns what.

Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997

This Act (ESTA) protects people who live on rural and farm land with the owner's consent, such as farm workers and their families, from arbitrary eviction. Evictions need a court order and long-term occupiers over 60 enjoy extra protection. It matters to farm owners wanting to remove occupiers and to families living on farms.

Formalities in respect of Leases of Land Act 18 of 1969

This Act deals with long leases of land (10 years or more). Such leases are valid between the parties even if unregistered, but must be registered against the title deed to bind future owners of the property for the full term. It matters when you sign a long commercial or agricultural lease and want it to survive a sale of the property.

Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act 95 of 1998

This Act requires home builders to register with the NHBRC and enrol new homes before construction, giving buyers a warranty scheme covering major structural defects for five years. It matters when you build a new house, buy one from a developer, or work as a builder, because unregistered builders cannot lawfully build homes for sale.

National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977

This Act requires municipal approval of building plans before you build or alter a structure, and compliance with the national building regulations. Building without approved plans can lead to demolition orders and problems when you sell. It matters when you renovate, extend, build, or buy a property where past work may have been done without plans.

Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998

This Act (PIE) makes it illegal to evict anyone from their home without a court order, even if they are not paying rent. A court will only grant an eviction after considering whether it is just and equitable, including the rights of children and the elderly. It matters when a landlord wants a non-paying tenant out, or an occupier faces eviction.

Property Practitioners Act 22 of 2019

This Act regulates estate agents and other property practitioners, who must hold a Fidelity Fund certificate to earn commission. It also requires sellers and landlords to give buyers and tenants a signed mandatory disclosure form listing all known defects in the property. It matters when you use an estate agent, or buy, sell or let property through one.

Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999

This Act governs residential leases: deposits must be invested and repaid with interest, joint incoming and outgoing inspections are required, and a tenant can demand the lease in writing. Disputes about unfair practices go free of charge to the Rental Housing Tribunal. It matters every time you rent out a home or rent one, and whenever a deposit dispute arises.

Sectional Titles Act 95 of 1986

This Act created sectional title ownership, letting you own a unit in a complex or block of flats plus an undivided share of the common property. It governs how schemes are opened, sectional plans, exclusive use areas and transfers of units. It matters when you buy, sell or develop a flat or townhouse in a sectional title scheme.

Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011

This Act governs the day-to-day running of sectional title schemes: the body corporate, trustees, levies, reserve funds, and the management and conduct rules that bind all owners and tenants. It matters when you live in a complex, serve as a trustee, dispute a levy, or want the rules changed or enforced.

Family & Personal

Administration of Estates Act 66 of 1965

This Act governs what happens to a deceased person's estate: reporting the death to the Master of the High Court, appointing an executor, advertising for creditors, and distributing the assets under a liquidation and distribution account. It matters when a family member dies and you must wind up the estate, or when you are named as an executor.

Births and Deaths Registration Act 51 of 1992

This Act requires every birth to be registered at Home Affairs within 30 days and every death to be reported before burial. It also governs surname changes and amendments to the birth register. It matters when a child is born, when someone dies, and when you need to correct or change official particulars.

Children's Act 38 of 2005

This Act is the central law on children: parental responsibilities and rights, care and contact after separation, guardianship, adoption, and child protection. Unmarried fathers get automatic rights if they meet certain requirements, and every decision must serve the child's best interests. It matters in any dispute or agreement about where children live, contact arrangements, or consent for a child's passport or medical care.

Civil Union Act 17 of 2006

This Act lets any two adults, same-sex or opposite-sex, conclude a civil union as either a marriage or a civil partnership, with exactly the same legal consequences as a civil marriage. It matters when same-sex couples marry, and to anyone choosing a civil union instead of a traditional marriage.

Divorce Act 70 of 1979

This Act governs how marriages end: a court grants a divorce when the marriage has irretrievably broken down, and deals with dividing assets, spousal maintenance, and arrangements for the children. It also lets a court order forfeiture of benefits or a share of a spouse's pension interest. It matters when you divorce or draft a settlement agreement.

Domestic Violence Act 116 of 1998

This Act lets victims of domestic violence, physical, emotional, economic or harassment, get a protection order from the magistrates' court quickly and without a lawyer. Breaching a protection order is a criminal offence with immediate arrest possible. It matters when you or someone you know needs urgent protection from abuse by a partner or household member.

Immigration Act 13 of 2002

This Act governs visas, permanent residence and deportation: work visas, business visas, spousal and relative's visas, and study permits. Employers who hire foreigners without valid work visas commit an offence. It matters when you hire foreign staff, marry a foreign national, or want to live and work in South Africa from abroad.

Intestate Succession Act 81 of 1987

This Act decides who inherits when someone dies without a valid will: the estate goes to the spouse and children in fixed shares, then to parents and wider family. Life partners who never married often inherit nothing under it. It matters if you have no will, and it is usually the strongest argument for making one.

Maintenance Act 99 of 1998

This Act lets anyone claim maintenance for children (or a spouse) through the maintenance court, free of charge and without a lawyer. Maintenance orders can be enforced by attaching wages, garnishing accounts, or criminal prosecution of defaulters. It matters when a parent stops paying, or you need to set or change a maintenance amount.

Marriage Act 25 of 1961

This Act governs traditional civil marriages: who may marry, who may officiate as a marriage officer, and the formalities of the ceremony and registration. It matters when you get married in the conventional way, and when you need to prove or verify a marriage's validity.

Matrimonial Property Act 88 of 1984

This Act determines what marriage does to your money: in community of property (one joint estate) is the default, while an antenuptial contract lets you marry out of community, with or without the accrual system that shares growth of the estates. It matters before you marry, because changing the regime afterwards requires a court application.

Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998

This Act gives full legal recognition to marriages concluded under African customary law, including polygamous marriages, and requires them to be registered at Home Affairs. Customary marriages are in community of property by default. It matters for lobola-negotiated marriages, inheritance, divorce, and proving marital status.

Wills Act 7 of 1953

This Act sets the strict formalities for a valid will: it must be in writing, signed on every page by the testator, and witnessed by two competent witnesses who sign in the testator's presence. A beneficiary who witnesses the will usually loses their inheritance. It matters when you draft your will, and getting it wrong can mean your wishes are ignored.

Courts & Justice

Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977

This Act governs how criminal cases run: arrest, bail, charges, trial, sentencing and appeals, as well as citizens' arrest and search and seizure powers. It matters if you are arrested, called as a witness, want to lay a charge, or need to understand bail for a family member.

Legal Practice Act 28 of 2014

This Act regulates attorneys and advocates under the Legal Practice Council, including their conduct, trust accounts and fee disputes. Clients can complain to the Council about overreaching or misconduct and claim from the Fidelity Fund if an attorney steals trust money. It matters when you hire a lawyer, dispute a legal bill, or need to verify a practitioner.

Magistrates' Courts Act 32 of 1944

This Act establishes the magistrates' courts where most ordinary civil and criminal cases are heard. District courts handle civil claims up to R200,000 and regional courts up to R400,000, plus divorces. It matters when you sue or are sued for everyday amounts, face criminal charges, or need to know which court to use.

Protection from Harassment Act 17 of 2011

This Act lets anyone get a protection order against harassment, including stalking, abusive messages and online harassment, even where there is no domestic relationship. The process is cheap, quick and does not need a lawyer, and breaching an order is a crime. It matters when a neighbour, ex, colleague or stranger is harassing you in person or online.

Small Claims Courts Act 61 of 1984

This Act creates small claims courts where individuals can sue for up to R20,000 without a lawyer, quickly and almost free. Companies cannot sue in it (though they can be sued), and there is no appeal in the ordinary sense. It matters when someone owes you a modest amount, a deposit, a repair bill, an unpaid invoice, and lawyers' fees would eat the claim.

Superior Courts Act 10 of 2013

This Act structures the High Courts, the Supreme Court of Appeal and their operation, including appeals and the powers of judges. Big claims, property disputes and reviews of government decisions typically go to the High Court. It matters when your dispute exceeds the magistrates' courts' limits or involves complex or urgent relief.

Tax & Financial

Estate Duty Act 45 of 1955

This Act taxes deceased estates at 20% (25% above R30 million) on the value above the R3.5 million abatement, with what passes to a surviving spouse exempt. It matters when you plan your estate and will, because good structuring, including use of both spouses' abatements, can save your heirs substantial tax.

Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act 37 of 2002

This Act (FAIS) requires anyone giving financial advice or selling financial products, brokers, advisors, insurers' agents, to be licensed and to treat clients honestly, fairly and with due care. Aggrieved clients can complain free of charge to the FAIS Ombud. It matters when you get investment or insurance advice, or work in financial services.

Financial Intelligence Centre Act 38 of 2001

This Act (FICA) fights money laundering by requiring banks, estate agents, attorneys and other 'accountable institutions' to verify clients' identities, keep records, and report suspicious transactions. It is why you must hand in your ID and proof of address to open an account. It matters when you open bank accounts, buy property, or run a business that must comply.

Income Tax Act 58 of 1962

This Act imposes income tax on individuals, companies and trusts, and governs PAYE, provisional tax, capital gains tax, deductions and fringe benefits. It matters to everyone who earns income, every employer who must deduct PAYE, and every business claiming expenses, and it decides how much of your money SARS takes.

Insurance Act 18 of 2017

This Act is the modern framework for licensing and supervising insurers, both life and non-life, including their financial soundness and governance, and it introduced a framework for microinsurance. It matters indirectly to every policyholder: it is why your insurer must be licensed and hold enough capital to actually pay claims.

Pension Funds Act 24 of 1956

This Act regulates retirement funds: pension, provident and retirement annuity funds, their trustees, and members' rights. Death benefits are distributed by the trustees to dependants, not automatically by your will, and complaints go to the Pension Funds Adjudicator. It matters when you belong to a retirement fund, leave a job, divorce (pension interest), or a member dies.

Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011

This Act governs how SARS administers all taxes: returns, assessments, audits, penalties, interest, objections and appeals, and debt collection. It gives SARS strong powers but also gives taxpayers rights, including the right to object to an assessment within set time limits. It matters whenever you deal with SARS, especially in a dispute, audit or penalty situation.

Transfer Duty Act 40 of 1949

This Act imposes transfer duty, a tax paid by the buyer when property changes hands, on a sliding scale above a threshold (currently no duty on cheaper homes). No transfer can be registered until SARS issues a receipt. It matters every time you buy property and budget for the true cost of the purchase.

Value-Added Tax Act 89 of 1991

This Act imposes VAT at 15% on most goods and services. Businesses with taxable turnover above R1 million must register as vendors, charge VAT, issue proper tax invoices, and claim input VAT on purchases. It matters when your business grows past the threshold, when you price goods, and when your invoices must be SARS-compliant.

Technology & Privacy

Cybercrimes Act 19 of 2020

This Act criminalises hacking, unlawful interception of data, ransomware, cyber fraud and forgery, and the sharing of harmful data messages, including threats and non-consensual intimate images. It matters when your systems are hacked, when an employee misuses company data, or when you are targeted by online fraud or revenge porn.

Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 25 of 2002

This Act makes electronic contracts, emails and most electronic signatures legally valid, so a deal concluded by email or online click-through is generally binding. It also gives online shoppers a 7-day cooling-off right and regulates spam and website obligations. It matters when you sign documents electronically, sell online, or run any e-commerce site.

Promotion of Access to Information Act 2 of 2000

This Act (PAIA) gives you the right to request records held by government, and by private bodies when you need them to exercise or protect a right. Companies must keep a PAIA manual explaining how to request their records. It matters when you need documents from a municipality, a bank or a former employer, or must compile your business's PAIA manual.

Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013

This Act (POPIA) is South Africa's privacy law: anyone processing personal information must collect it lawfully, keep it secure, use it only for the stated purpose, and report data breaches. Direct electronic marketing needs consent, and every organisation needs an information officer. It matters to every business holding customer, employee or supplier data, and to you whenever your information is misused.

Regulation of Interception of Communications Act 70 of 2002

This Act (RICA) makes it a crime to intercept or monitor communications without consent or legal authority, and requires all SIM cards to be registered. Employers may only monitor staff communications within narrow exceptions. It matters when you buy a SIM, record calls, or monitor employees' emails and phones.

Sector-Specific

Administrative Adjudication of Road Traffic Offences Act 46 of 1998

This Act (AARTO) replaces criminal prosecution of most traffic fines with an administrative system of infringement notices, discounts for early payment, and a demerit points system that can suspend licences. Its national rollout has been repeatedly delayed but it is being phased in. It matters when you get traffic fines and want to pay, dispute or manage them.

Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act 36 of 1947

This Act requires fertilizers, animal feeds, pesticides and stock remedies to be registered before they may be sold, and controls their labelling and advertising. It matters to farmers buying inputs, and to anyone manufacturing, importing or selling agricultural products.

Health Professions Act 56 of 1974

This Act regulates doctors, dentists, psychologists and allied health professionals through the HPCSA, which registers practitioners and disciplines misconduct. Practising without registration is a crime, and patients can complain to the Council. It matters when you verify a practitioner, complain about treatment, or work in healthcare.

Higher Education Act 101 of 1997

This Act regulates universities and other higher education institutions, including their establishment, governance and the registration of private higher education providers. Unregistered private 'colleges' offering degrees are operating illegally. It matters when you choose a private institution and need to verify it is registered, or work in the sector.

Liquor Act 59 of 2003

This Act, together with provincial liquor laws, regulates the manufacture and distribution of alcohol, while provinces license retail sales and on-consumption venues. Selling liquor without a licence is a criminal offence. It matters when you open a bar, restaurant, bottle store or events business serving alcohol.

Medical Schemes Act 131 of 1998

This Act regulates medical aid schemes: they must accept members without discriminating on health status (community rating), must pay for prescribed minimum benefit conditions in full, and are overseen by the Council for Medical Schemes, which handles complaints. It matters when your medical aid rejects a claim or imposes waiting periods.

National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998

This Act (NEMA) is the framework for environmental law: certain listed activities, like large developments and clearing land, need environmental authorisation after an impact assessment, and polluters must remedy harm at their own cost, with directors personally at risk. It matters to developers, farmers and industrial businesses whose activities affect the environment.

National Health Act 61 of 2003

This Act sets the framework for the health system and entrenches patients' rights: informed consent before treatment, confidentiality of health records, the right to emergency medical treatment, and access to your own records. It matters whenever you or a family member is treated, and to anyone running a health facility.

National Road Traffic Act 93 of 1996

This Act contains the rules of the road: driver's licences, vehicle registration and roadworthiness, speed limits, drunk driving offences and accident duties (you must stop and report). It matters every time you drive, buy or sell a vehicle, or are involved in an accident.

National Water Act 36 of 1998

This Act makes the state the trustee of all water resources: beyond basic domestic use and existing lawful use, taking water from rivers, dams or boreholes for irrigation or industry generally needs a licence or registration. It matters to farmers, developers and businesses that depend on water use, and in droughts when restrictions bite.

Private Security Industry Regulation Act 56 of 2001

This Act requires all security companies, guards and armed response officers to register with PSIRA and meet training standards. Using or running an unregistered security service is an offence. It matters when you hire a security company for your home, complex or business, or work in the security industry.

Road Accident Fund Act 56 of 1996

This Act creates the RAF, funded by the fuel levy, which compensates people injured in road accidents caused by another driver's negligence, covering medical costs, lost income and general damages. In exchange, you generally cannot sue the negligent driver personally. It matters when you or a family member is injured or killed in a crash.

South African Schools Act 84 of 1996

This Act governs public and independent schools: compulsory schooling from age 7 to 15, school governing bodies, admission and language policies, school fees and fee exemptions for parents who cannot afford them, and the ban on corporal punishment. It matters when you enrol a child, serve on an SGB, or dispute fees or a suspension.

Spotted an Act we should add? Email wernerv@myhrpy.com. ContractKit SA is a product of MYHRPY (Pty) Ltd t/a Legal and Financial Solutions.